NF T30-711-2011 塑料.基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱分析(MALDI-TOF-MS)的聚合物分子量和分子量分布的测定.
作者:标准资料网 时间:2024-05-23 06:02:35 浏览:9891
来源:标准资料网
【英文标准名称】:Plastics-Determinationofthemolecularmassandmolecularmassdistributionofpolymerspeciesbymatrix-assistedlaserdesorption/ionizationtime-of-flightmassspectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS).
【原文标准名称】:塑料.基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱分析(MALDI-TOF-MS)的聚合物分子量和分子量分布的测定.
【标准号】:NFT30-711-2011
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:2011-06-01
【实施或试行日期】:2011-06-25
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(FR-AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Calibration;Definitions;Desorption;Distributionofmass;Ionization;Massspectrometry;Matrices;Molarmass;Molecularmass;Plastics;Polymers;Qualitycontrol;Samplingmethods;Specimenpreparation;Spectrometry
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:83_080_01
【页数】:21P;A4
【正文语种】:其他
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforLoadControlledCyclicTriaxialStrengthofSoil
【原文标准名称】:土壤的负荷控制三向疲劳强度的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD5311-1992(2004)e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1992
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.09
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:consolidated-undrainedtests;cohesionlesssoils;laboratorytests;liquefaction;triaxialtests;Axialstrain;Cohesionlesssoil;Consolidated-undrainedtests;Cyclicstrengthtests;Liquefaction;Loadcontrolledcyclictriaxialtechnique;Loadingt
【摘要】:Cyclictriaxialstrengthtestresultsareusedforevaluatingtheabilityofasoiltoresisttheshearstressesinducedinasoilmassduetoearthquakeorothercyclicloading.Cyclictriaxialstrengthtestsmaybeperformedatdifferentvaluesofeffectiveconfiningpressureonisotropicallyconsolidatedspecimenstoprovidedatarequiredforestimatingthecyclicstabilityofasoil.Cyclictriaxialstrengthtestsmaybeperformedatasingleeffectiveconfiningpressure,usuallyequalto14.5lb/in.2(100kN/m2),oralternatepressuresasappropriateonisotropicallyconsolidatedspecimenstocomparecyclicstrengthresultsforaparticularsoiltypewiththatofothersoils,Ref(2).Thecyclictriaxialtestisacommonlyusedtechniquefordeterminingcyclicsoilstrength.Cyclicstrengthdependsuponmanyfactors,includingdensity,confiningpressure,appliedcyclicshearstress,stresshistory,grainstructure,ageofsoildeposit,specimenpreparationprocedure,andthefrequency,uniformity,andshapeofthecyclicwaveform.Thus,closeattentionmustbegiventotestingdetailsandequipment.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthecyclicstrength(sometimescalledtheliquefactionpotential)ofsaturatedsoilsineitherundisturbedorreconstitutedstatesbytheload-controlledcyclictriaxialtechnique.1.2Thecyclicstrengthofasoilisevaluatedrelativetoanumberoffactors,including:thedevelopmentofaxialstrain,magnitudeofappliedcyclicstress,numberofcyclesofstressapplication,developmentofexcesspore-waterpressure,andstateofeffectivestress.Acomprehensivereviewoffactorsaffectingcyclictriaxialtestresultsiscontainedintheliterature(1).1.3Cyclictriaxialstrengthtestsareconductedunderundrainedconditionstosimulateessentiallyundrainedfieldconditionsduringearthquakeorothercyclicloading.1.4Cyclictriaxialstrengthtestsaredestructive.Failuremaybedefinedonthebasisofthenumberofstresscyclesrequiredtoreachalimitingstrainor100%porepressureratio.SeeSection3forTerminology.1.5Thistestmethodisgenerallyapplicablefortestingcohesionlessfreedrainingsoilsofrelativelyhighpermeability.Whentestingwell-gradedmaterials,silts,orclays,itshouldberecognizedthatpore-waterpressuresmonitoredatthespecimenendstonotingeneralrepresentpore-waterpressurevaluesthroughoutthespecimen.However,thistestmethodmaybefollowedwhentestingmostsoiltypesifcareistakentoensurethatproblemsoilsreceivespecialconsiderationwhentestedandwhentestresultsareevaluated.1.6Therearecertainlimitationsinherentinusingcyclictriaxialteststosimulatethestressandstrainconditionsofasoilelementinthefieldduringanearthquake.1.6.1Nonuniformstressconditionswithinthetestspecimenareimposedbythespecimenendplatens.Thiscancausearedistributionofvoidratiowithinthespecimenduringthetest.1.6.2A90x00B0;changeinthedirectionofthemajorprincipalstressoccursduringthetwohalvesoftheloadingcycleonisotropicallyconsolidatedspecimens.1.6.3Themaximumcyclicshearstressthatcanbeappliedtothespecimeniscontrolledbythestressconditionsattheendofconsolidationandthepore-waterpressuresgeneratedduringtesting.Foranisotropicallyconsolidatedcontractive(volumedecreasing)specimentestedincycliccompression,themaximumcyclicshearstressthatcanbeappliedtothespecimenisequaltoone-halfoftheinitialtotalaxialpressure.Sincecohesionlesssoilsarenotcapableoftak......
【中国标准分类号】:P13
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:10P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforAnalysisofHigh-Purityn-HeptaneandIsooctanebyCapillaryGasChromatography
【原文标准名称】:用毛细管气相色谱法分析高纯度正庚烷和异辛烷的方法(05.01)
【标准号】:ANSI/ASTMD2268-1993
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1993
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国国家标准学会(US-ANSI)
【起草单位】:ANSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:试验;石油产品
【英文主题词】:Analysis;Heptane;Isooctane;Lubricants;Petroleumproducts;Purity;Testing
【摘要】:Thistestmethodprovidesfortheanalysisofhigh-purity(greaterthan99.5%byvolume)n-heptaneandisooctane(2,2,4-trimethylpentane),whichareusedasprimaryreferencestandardsindeterminingtheoctanenumberofafuel.Individualcompoundspresentinconcentrationsoflessthan0.01%canbedetected.Columnsspecifiedbythistestmethodmaynotallowseparationofallimpuritiesinreferencefuels.ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareforinformationonly.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:G17
【国际标准分类号】:71_080_10
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语
